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- Name : Gallium
- Symbol : Ga
- Atomic # : 31
- Atom weight: 69.72
- Melting P. : 29.78
- Boiling P. : 2403
- Oxidation : +3
- Pronounced : GAL-i-em
- From : Latin Gallia, "France"
- Identified : Predicted by Mendeleyev
- Appearance : Soft, blue-white metal
- Note : Used in producing LEDs and GaAs laser diodes.
-
- [Properties]
-
- Gallium is a soft metal. Like pure lead, gallium can be cut with a knife
- at room temperature. When the metal is chilled, however, it becomes hard
- and brittle. Its melting point is just a bit above ordinary room
- temperature; unlike most other elements, gallium expands upon cooling.
- Gallium belongs to the Group-IIIA elements on the periodic table of
- elements. The other elements in this group are boron (B), aluminum (Al),
- indium (In), and thallium (Tl). In the chemical sense, gallium is most
- like aluminum, but it shares a few chemical and physical characteristics
- with indium and thallium.
- Gallium is best known today for its tendency to conduct electricity as a
- semiconductor, but only when "doped" with one of the Group-VA compounds,
- especially phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), and antimony (Sb).
-